کاشمر و خورشید ژنوتیپ‌های پنبه تار متوسط (Gossypium hisutum L.) سازگار با کشت در الگوی متراکم

نوع مقاله : ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران.

3 محقق، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران.

4 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ورامین، ایران.

5 کارشناس، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ورامین، ایران.

10.22092/rafhc.2023.354625.1284

چکیده

به­ منظور تعیین ارزش زراعی و مصرف (VCU) برخی ژنوتیپ­ های­ پنبه در استان خراسان ­رضوی در سال های1393 و 1394، عملکرد وش و اجزای آن و برخی خصوصیات ریخت­ شناختی مرتبط و کیفیت الیاف ژنوتیپ­ ها و ارقام شاهد براساس طرح آزمایشی بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار مقایسه شدند. ژنوتیپ­ های مورد بررسی کاشمر، خورشید و R7 و ارقام تجاری گلستان، خرداد، و ورامین ارقام شاهد بودند. نتایج نشان داد وزن غوزه در سال دوم و عملکرد وش و زودرسی در سال اول بیشتر بود. همچنین ژنوتیپ­ هایR7 و خورشید
به­ ترتیب از بیشترین و کمترین تعداد شاخه زایا در سال­ های آزمایش برخوردار بودند. رقم شاهد خرداد و ژنوتیپ خورشید دارای بیشترین تعداد غوزه (17 غوزه) در هر دو سال آزمایش بودند. ژنوتیپ کاشمر نیز در هر دو سال آزمایش از بیشترین قطر طوقه (قطر اولین گره ساقه روی سطح خاک) و ارتفاع بوته (120 سانتی­ متر) برخوردار بود. همچنین در هر دو سال ارقام شاهد خرداد و گلستان دارای بیشترین و ژنوتیپ ­های جدید خورشید و کاشمر دارای کمترین تعداد شاخه رویا بودند. ژنوتیپ کاشمر از کیل و استحکام الیاف بالاتری (به­ ترتیب کیل 39/96 در سال اول و استحکام 30/48 گرم بر تکس در سال دوم) برخوردار بود. براساس نتایج این تحقیق، باتوجه به بسته ­بودن ساختار تاج پوشش(کانوپی) و ارتفاع بوته بیشتر و تعداد شاخه رویای کمتر ژنوتیپ ­های خورشید و کاشمر، این ژنوتیپ ها برای کشت در استان خراسان رضوی و مناطق مشابه مناسب و قابل ­توصیه می­ باشند.

عنوان مقاله [English]

Kashmar and Khorshid upland cotton (Gossypium hisutum L.) compatible for dense planting pattern genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Hamidi 1
  • M. R. Ramezani Moghaddam 2
  • H. Najjar 3
  • M. Arabsalmani 4
  • A. Mojajer Abbasi 5
1 Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Khorasan razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.
3 Researcher, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Khorasan razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor , Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
5 Researcher, Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to determine the Value of Cultivation and Use (VCU) of some cotton genotypes in Khorasan-Razavi province during 2014 and 2015, the seed cotton yield and its components and some related morphological and fibers quality traits of the genotypes and the control cultivars were compared based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications. Studied genotypes were: Kashmar, Khorshid and R7, and Golestan, Khordad, and Varamin commercial control cultivars were the control cultivars. The results showed that the weight of the boll was higher in the second year, and the seed cotton yield and earliness were higher in the first year. Also, R7 and Khorshid genotypes had the highest and lowest number of fruiting branches in the years of the trial, respectively. Khordad control cultivar and Khorshid genotype had the highest number of bolls (17 bolls) in both years of the trial. Kashmar genotype also had the highest crown diameter (the diameter of the first node of stem on the soil surface) and plant height (120 cm) in both years of the trial. Also, in both years, Khordad and Golestan control cultivars had the highest and the new Khorshid and Kashmer genotypes had the lowest number of vegetative branches in the first and second year. Kashmar genotype had higher gin turn out and fiber strength (39.96 % in the first year and 30.48 g/tex strength in the second year, respectively). Based on the results of this research, with due attention to close canopy structure of the and higher plant height and less number of vegetative branches of Khorshid and Kashmer genotypes, these genotypes are suitable and recommendable for cultivation in Razavi Khorasan province and similar areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Upland Cotton
  • Ealiness
  • Canopy structure
  • Seed Cotton Yield

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یافته‌های تحقیقاتی در گیاهان زراعی و باغی
دوره 12، شماره 1
فروردین 1402
صفحه 73-92

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 0-727 فروردین 2
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 دی 1401

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